PetriKey

Concept

Exotoxin vs endotoxin

Protein toxin versus LPS lipid A concept

EK-soh-tok-sin EN-doh-tok-sin

Gram negativetoxinexotoxinendotoxinlpsvirulencegram-negative

High-yield clue

Exotoxins are specific protein toxins; endotoxin is LPS lipid A vocabulary.

Overview

A virulence comparison used to separate secreted protein toxins from Gram-negative LPS lipid A inflammatory vocabulary.

Classification

  • Virulence concept
  • Toxin comparison

Lab & identification clues

  • Toxoid vaccine concept for some exotoxins
  • LAL/endotoxin testing vocabulary
  • Cytokine/inflammation terms

Associations

  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • Gram-negative sepsis vocabulary

Commonly confused with

  • Capsule
  • Biofilm
  • Endospore

Your notes

Original microbiology concept summary. Sources checked: OpenStax Microbiology 2e, NCBI Bookshelf Medical Microbiology, and CDC/WHO topic pages where applicable; reviewed 2026-06. Educational only; no diagnosis, treatment selection, infection-control instructions, or specimen-handling guidance.

OpenStax: Microbiology 2e concept foundationssourceNCBI Bookshelf: Medical Microbiology general conceptssourceCDC: CDC public-health concept pagessource